How to Change Manual Transmission Fluid

Changing the fluid in a manual transmission according to the schedule suggested in your owner's manual can greatly extend the life of your transmission and increase its reliability. Before starting this job call your dealer with the vehicle identification number and ask which transmission lubricant is required for you car. In years past this step was not necessary, but in recent years a manual transmission fluid could be anything from automatic transmission fluid to 95-140w synthetic oil. Using the wrong transmission fluid (lubricant) could shorten the life of your transmission to a trip across town, so use what the dealer recommends. The dealer can also tell you how much to buy.

Difficulty: Moderately Easy
Instructions

Things You'll Need
Floor jack
Jack stands
1/2 inch ratchet wrench or hex wrench
Drain container
Teflon tape
Replacement fluid or oil

1. Jack the vehicle high enough to easily slide under it. Place jackstands or other solid supports under the frame of the vehicle before going under it. Make sure it is level and securely supported.

2. Locate the drain plug on the underside of the transmission. This will plug may have a recessed area for the removal tool or a raised area to be engaged with a wrench. If recessed the tool needed will be either a square drive, such as a ratchet wrench, or a hex, which will require a large hex drive socket or wrench.

3. Place the drain pan under the transmission and remove the drain plug. Turn the plug counterclockwise to remove. Allow to drain completely. This will be faster if the vehicle has been driven before this service is performed.

4. Clean the drain plug before reinstalling. It may be magnetic and have fine metal particles adhered to it. These clean off easiest by wiping the plug with a rag. Large pieces of metal adhered to the plug or in the drained fluid are an indication of severe wear or broken gears. If these are found your transmission will require attention by a professional transmission mechanic.

5. Wrap a turn or two of Teflon tape around the plug and reinstall it.

6. Locate the fill plug on the side of the transmission. This will be about halfway up on the side of the transmission case and will look like the drain plug. Remove this plug by turning in a counterclockwise direction.

7. Add the proper transmission fluid (lubricant) through the fill hole. Fill until the lubricant just starts coming back out of the hole.

8. Clean the fill plug, wrap with Teflon tape and reinstall.

9. Dispose of the used transmission lubricant in an approved manner. You should be able to return it to the store where you got the new lubricant.

Transmission Filter Replacement

Transmissions are hydraulically controlled components, and therefore use fluid to build the required pressure and to prevent overheating. Although new transmission fluid is clean, the internal components of the transmission are not. As the fluid travels throughout the transmission, it collects various deposits. The fluid is then routed to a filter, which removes those contaminants. As with any other type of filter, the filter itself eventually becomes dirty and it can no longer filter the fluid. For this reason, the transmission's filter must periodically be replaced.

Safety Considerations
A hot transmission can produce transmission fluid hot enough to easily burn skin, so allow the vehicle to sit for at least three hours while the engine is turned off to allow the fluid to cool. Raise the vehicle with a floor jack, then place a single jack stand at each corner of the vehicle underneath the vehicle's frame to safely support the vehicle's weight.

Removing the Transmission's Pan
To access the filter, the transmission's pan must be removed. However, because the transmission is full of fluid, it is necessary to first drain the fluid. Place a drain pan underneath the transmission pan, then remove the single drain bolt from the transmission's pan with a wrench and allow the fluid to drain into the drain pan. The transmission's pan is located on the bottom of the transmission. After the fluid has drained out of the transmission, install and tighten the pan's drain bolt with a wrench to avoid losing it. Remove the bolts that surround the lip of the pan with a wrench by turning each bolt in a counterclockwise direction, then pull the pan off of the transmission to reveal the transmission's filter.

Replacing the Transmission Filter
Once the transmission's pan is removed, changing the pan is simply a matter of disconnecting the old filter and bolting a new filter in its place. Remove the filter's retaining bolts with a wrench, then pull the filter out of the transmission. The filter is a large metal plate that typically has a near-rectangular shape, depending on the type of transmission. Place the replacement filter against the bottom of the transmission, ensuring that the bolt holes on the filter align with the bolt holes on the bottom of the transmission. Install and tighten the filter's retaining bolts with a wrench.

Installing the Transmission Pan
Installing the pan is fairly straightforward, but it is important that a new gasket be used. Peel the transmission's old pan gasket from the outer lip of the pan, then wipe down the lip of the pan with a clean, lint-free rag. Coat one side of the pan's gasket with gasket sealer, then place the coated side of the gasket against the lip of the transmission's pan. Coat the opposite side of the gasket with gasket sealer, then press the pan against the bottom of the transmission, ensuring that the bolt holes on the pan align with the holes on the transmission. Install and tighten the pan's retaining bolts with a wrench.

Filling the Transmission with Fluid
Consult the vehicle's owner's manual to determine how much transmission fluid should be added to the transmission, then lift the vehicle's hood and withdraw the transmission's dipstick. Place a funnel into the dipstick tube, then pour the appropriate amount of transmission fluid into the funnel. Remove the funnel and insert the dipstick back into the dipstick tube to complete the replacement.

How to Change Transmission Fluid and Filter

Changing the fluids in your vehicle at the proper intervals is one of the best ways to keep your vehicle running well. Fluid changes are well within the realm of the do-it-yourself mechanic and, with a little patience and planning, you can save money on regular service and avoid costly repairs in the future. Changing a transmission's fluid and filter is a little more involved than simply changing your oil, but no more difficult. If you can change your engines oil and filter, you can change your transmission's fluid and filter.

Difficulty: Moderate
Instructions

Things You'll Need
Floor jack
Jack stands
Drain pan
3/8-inch drive socket set
Flat head screwdriver
Philips head screwdriver
New gasket
New filter
Transmission fluid

1.Allow the vehicle to cool completely before beginning work. Apply the parking brake. Raise the vehicle on one side with the floor jack. Place a jack stand under the vehicle at a solid support point such as a frame rail. Slowly lower the floor jack so the vehicle rests on the jack stand. Repeat for the other side of the vehicle.

2. Place the drain pan under the transmission and remove the drain plug from the transmission pan using the appropriately sized socket wrench, and allow the fluid to drain completely. After it has stopped draining, replace the drain plug in the transmission pan and tighten it securely.

3. Remove the bolts from the transmission pan using the socket wrench.

4. Carefully pry the pan away from the transmission using the flat head screwdriver. The pan will still have some fluid inside, so use caution not to spill it and set it to the side.

5. Clean the gasket surface of the transmission where the pan was removed. Remove all traces of gasket material and wipe it clean with a clean cloth.

6. Pour any remaining fluid in the transmission pan into the drain pan and clean the pan thoroughly. Wipe all pan surfaces dry with a clean cloth.

7. Remove the filter from the transmission valve body using the socket set or screwdriver depending upon the model, being careful not to damage any parts of the valve body, and throw it away.

8. Install the new filter and its seal onto the valve body, insert its bolts, and tighten it down firmly with the socket wrench. Some filters have the seal already installed on the filter, simplifying the process.

9. Install the new pan gasket onto the transmission pan. Put the pan in place against the transmission, and install the pan bolts. Tighten each bolt a little at a time in succession, working your way around the pan. Finish by tightening them all down to the manufacturer's listed torque specifications.

10. Lower the vehicle from the jack stands and add transmission fluid. Four quarts is typically a good quantity to start with, but check with your model's owners' manual to make sure you won't overfill the transmission at that level.

11. Start the vehicle and let it idle. Holding the brake pedal down, move the gear selector through the gears then back into the park position and allow the vehicle to idle for two more minutes in park.

12. Turn off the vehicle and check the transmission fluid level. It will be low, so add fluid until it reaches the correct levels on the dipstick. Do not overfill. Check under the vehicle for leaks after a short trip, and check the fluid again after the vehicle has reached full operating temperature, adding fluid if necessary.

Dirty Transmission Filter Symptoms

The transmission in a car or truck regulates the vehicle's engine output. This power is transferred to the wheels, which moves the vehicle. The transmission is a critically important system and can be expensive to repair if something goes wrong. Familiarizing yourself with the symptoms of a dirty transmission filter can help you pinpoint minor maintenance issues before they turn into major repair headaches and will save you money in the long run.

Slipping Transmission
One indicator of a dirty transmission filter is transmission slippage while you are driving. The gearshift may jump, shudder or you may notice rough or uneven shifting. You may also hear a clunking sound. If the transmission filter is clogged, the lubricating fluid will not be able to circulate, causing the transmission to slip.

Leaking Transmission Fluid
If you notice brown or reddish fluid leaking below the engine, it could be transmission fluid. This could indicate a clogged transmission filter. You're your vehicle to a qualified mechanic for service while the leak is still a minor problem.

Dirty or Low Transmission Fluid
You can check the transmission fluid in your car to see if it is dirty or the fluid level is low. Put the car in "Park," open the hood and remove the transmission dipstick. Wipe the dipstick with a clean rag, then re-insert it and remove it again to check the fluid level. If it is low, add just enough fluid to bring the level up to the "Fill" or "Max" line.

Check whether your transmission fluid is dirty by placing a drop on a wet paper towel. Clean transmission fluid may be red or brown; it should not be black or contain metal fragments.

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